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Intro -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 The History of School Acts -- A Multidisciplinary Conceptual Framework -- National and International Perspectives -- The School Acts of the "West" -- Coherence and Research Questions -- References -- 2 "Das Schulwesen aber ist und bleibet allezeit ein politicum": The Felbiger General School Ordinance and School Reform in the Eighteenth-Century Habsburg Monarchy -- Reformatory Attempts Prior to 1774 -- Felbiger and the General School Ordinance -- The General School Ordinance of 1774 -- Consequences of School Reform -- Schooling as a Political Concern -- References -- 3 Schooling and the Administrative State: Explaining the Lack of School Acts in Nineteenth-Century Prussia -- Law, Governance and Discipline: Premodern Roots of Modern Schooling -- The Foundations of Prussian Schooling -- Süvern's Draft for a School Act -- Prussian Parliament and the Liberal-Conservative Divide -- The Administrative State Home Alone -- References -- 4 E Pluribus Unum: One Swiss School System Based on Many Cantonal School Acts -- Struggling for the Children's Minds and Souls -- A Centralized Swiss State -- Back to Sovereign Cantons -- School Legislation and the Fight Against Absenteeism -- Standardization Through Testing -- A Swiss System of Mass Schooling -- References -- 5 Education in a Nation Divided: The Contribution of School Acts to the Development of Dutch Mass Schooling in the Long Nineteenth Century -- Education and Nation-Building: The School Acts of 1801, 1803 and 1806 -- Implementing Freedom of Education 1806-57 -- Protestants and Roman Catholics Together: The School Act of 1878 -- The Start of State Support for Private Schools: The School Act of 1889 -- The Compulsory Education School Act of 1900 -- The School Act of 1920. The Making of a Nation by Accepting a Nation Divided -- References -- 6 Good and Righteous People and Useful Citizens of the State: The Danish 1814 School Acts and the Rise of Mass Schooling in Denmark -- Agricultural and School Reforms -- The 1814 School Acts -- The Local School Administration -- Schoolhouses -- The Teachers -- The Contemporary Perception of the School Acts -- The Consequences of the School Acts -- Good Lutheran Christians and Loyal Subjects -- Archival References -- 7 Citizens in Their Right Place: Nation Building and Mass Schooling in Nineteenth-Century France -- The Emergence of State Primary Education -- The 1833 Guizot Law -- The Falloux and Duruy Laws -- The Consolidation of State Primary Education -- "A Free, Compulsory, and Secular Primary School" -- The 1886 Goblet Organic Law and 1889 Law -- Mass Schooling, "Segregated Equity," and the French Nation -- References -- 8 School Acts and Elementary Education in Nineteenth-Century Spain -- Historical Background -- The Someruelos Act and The Montesino Regulation (1838) -- Educational Regulations and the Supply of Schools -- Public Elementary Schools After 1838 -- References -- 9 Basic Schools in Each and Every Parish: The School Act of 1842 and the Rise of Mass Schooling in Sweden -- Household Instruction and the Rise of Mass Schooling -- The Creation of a Decentralized School System -- The Content of Noncompulsory Schooling -- One School Act, Varying Consequences -- A Limited and Basic Education -- References -- 10 A Struggling Nation Since Its Founding? Liberal Italy and the Cost of Neglecting Primary Education -- Economic Growth and Human Capital in Italy -- The Diffusion of Mass Education Across Italian Pre-unification States -- The Casati Law, 1859: Decentralized Primary Schooling -- Slow Developments Until the Twentieth Century -- The Casati Law: Casting a Long Shadow. References -- 11 From the Top Down? Legislation and Public Initiative in Building a School System in Russia After the Great Reforms: 1855-1914 -- The Era of the Great Reforms -- The Statute of 1864 -- The Evolution of Schooling 1864-1894 -- The Sea Change of the 1890s -- After 1905 -- References -- 12 The Constitution of 1867, Separate Schooling, and the Roots of Division in Canadian Public Education -- Early School Developments in the Canadian Colonies -- School Acts and the Issue of Separate Schooling -- Confederation and the Section 93 Compromise -- Educational Crises and the Legacy of Section 93 -- The Legacy of Section 93 in Canadian Education -- References -- 13 The Elementary Education Act of 1870: Landmark or Transition? -- The Education Act of 1870 -- Content of the Education Act of 1870 -- The Historiography of the Education Act of 1870 -- Nation-Building Circa 1870 -- Bringing the State Back In -- Consequences of the School Act -- Who Was Served by the Act? -- Complexities of Establishing Elementary Schools -- References -- 14 "Hidden" Governance or Counterfactual Case? The US Failure to Pass a National Education Act, 1870-1940 -- Political Dynamics in the USA to 1870 -- Windows of Opportunity -- Key Provisions of the Blair Bill -- Campaign for the Blair Bill -- Convergence of Interests -- The Blair Bill's Demise -- Consequences of Failure -- References -- 15 School Legislation, Mass Schooling, and Historiography -- History of Schooling and History of School Legislation -- The Historiographical Effects of the Linguistic and Cultural Turns -- Neo-institutional Historiography -- Sensible Historiographical Expectations Concerning School Acts or Legislation -- Prospects of Legislative Historiography in Education and Schooling -- References -- Index.