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Cover -- Luther and the Peasants : Religion, Ritual, and the Revolt of 1525 -- Copyright -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Introduction -- On Terminology -- Note on Translations -- 1: The Nature of the Conflict -- Introduction -- 1. Kempten in 1525 -- 2. Failed Negotiations -- 3. The Peasants Organize -- 4. Godly Law -- 5. Peasants as Ecclesial Authorities -- 6. Theology of the Twelve Articles -- Conclusion -- 2: Aufruhr and Violence -- Introduction -- 1. The Raid on Schemmerberg Castle -- 2. The Plundering of Kempten -- 3. The "Battle" of Leipheim -- 4. The Weingarten Treaty -- Conclusion -- 3: Religious Violence and the Limits of Theology -- Introduction -- 1. Luther's Response to Weingarten -- 2. Müntzer and Thuringia -- 3. Peasant Violence Reexamined: The Weinsberger Bluttat -- 4. Violence and Religion -- Conclusion -- 4: Peasant Christianity -- Introduction -- 1. The Mass -- 2. Religion and Agrarian Life -- 3. Rural Weather Rituals -- 4. Theological Resistance to Weather Rituals -- 5. Contours of Peasant Theology -- Conclusion -- 5: Luther's Response -- Introduction -- 1. Luther's Antipeasant Rhetoric and Its Literary Antecedents -- 2. Luther's Interiorized Gospel -- 3. Luther's Political Theology in the Peasant Writings -- 4. Luther's Personal Authority in Crisis -- 5. Luther's Demons -- Conclusion: Luther's Ritual -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Primary Sources -- Secondary Literature -- Index.

Appold offers a thorough reassessment of the German Peasants' Revolts of 1525, showing how religious beliefs and practices inspired profound social change. Its particular innovation lies in reconstructing the religious beliefs of illiterate rural peasants, and bringing these into conversation with elite academic theology.