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Intro -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Figures -- Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Children born of war - the current research landscape and the network's contribution -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 1. Children born of war: a critical appraisal of the terminology -- Background -- Children born of war - a terminological challenge -- Children of enemy soldiers -- Children of soldiers from occupation forces -- Children of child soldiers -- Children of UN peacekeeping forces -- Childhood - legal, biological, social, and psychological -- Born of war -- Relationship of the parents -- CBOW-specific experiences and characteristics -- Micro-individual level -- Meso-social environment level -- Macro-society level -- Who is a child born of war and who is not? -- Notes -- References -- 2. Oral history and requirements: translating theory into practice -- Introduction -- Philisophical position -- Why do ethics matter in oral history? -- Institutional requirements -- Consequences for the CHIBOW project -- Challenges when putting things into practice -- Different academic environments - different ethics processes -- Established systems -- Existing systems outside SSH and oral history -- Newly established approval systems -- Applying ethical principles and considerations to individual research -- Seeking written informed consent -- Archiving and reuse -- Protecting confidentiality and privacy -- Duty of care -- Lessons learned -- Research responsibilities and relationships -- Researchers -- Research process -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 3. Ethical challenges in conducting interviews with children born of war: reflections on navigating participants' expectations -- Introduction -- Expectations in oral history interviews -- 'Can you help me find my father?'.

Participation as a ticket to emigrate -- Interviewing a participant with little support system -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 4. Implementing research ethics in an interdisciplinary research and training network -- the CHIBOW project -- Introduction -- Research ethics in detail -- Research ethics and vulnerable groups -- The researcher-participant interaction: participatory research -- its challenges and opportunities -- Ethical considerations regarding the researcher -- Challenges associated with implementing research ethics in an international and interdisciplinary context -- Notes -- References -- 5. Researching children born of war in Uganda: methodological reflections on the inclusion of minors in CBOW research -- Introduction -- Researching CBOW in Uganda -- Research with CBOW at a local primary school in Gulu: class composition essay writing -- Class composition writing as a method for researching the lived experiences of CBOW -- An overview of the children involved in the study (P.6 and P.7) -- Lessons learned from using research approaches directly involving underage CBOW -- Reflections on methods for engaging with CBOW in class settings -- The seeded FGD methodology: researching CBOW without child research participants -- The adjusted 'seeded focus group' method -- Focus group discussions as a research method -- What Is a 'seeded focus group discussion'? -- Opportunities inherent in the adjusted 'seeded focus group' as a non-participatory method -- Anonymising the 'seeds' allows them to discuss freely -- The required information was captured -- The method enables information sharing and learning among participants -- Limitations of applying the adjusted 'seeded focus group' method -- Uncertainty over anonymity affects participation.

Relying on gatekeepers reduces the influence of the moderator in determining the outcome of discussions -- Positionality -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 6. An intergenerational perspective on conflict-related sexual violence against women: female survivors and their children born of war rape -- Introduction -- Female survivors of CRSV -- Children born of war rape -- An intergenerational perspective on CRSV survivors and CBOWR -- Case study 1: CRSV at the end and after WWII -- female CRSV survivors and their CBOWR in Germany -- Living conditions of CRSV surivors and their CBOWR -- Narratives featuring mother-child relationship representations among CBOWR in Post-WWII Germany -- Being a burden: a critical but empathetic portrayal of a mother -- A physically and emotionally unavailable mother -- A mother with a liberal parenting style and an empowered daughter -- Case study 2: CRSV during the war in former Yugoslavia in the 1990s -- CRSV survivors and their CBOWR in Bosnia and Herzegovina -- Systematic mass rape in Bosnia and Herzegovina -- Long-term psychological consequences of CRSV in women survivors in BiH -- Children born of war in Bosnia and Herzegovina -- Mother-Child Interaction Following War Rape -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 7. Addressing the needs of mothers and their children born of conflict-related sexual violence: a framework for support in psychosocial settings -- Background -- What does care currently look like? -- Verbal vs non-verbal -- The Panzi One-Stop Centre Care Model () -- Medical -- Psychosocial -- Legal -- Socioeconomic -- Common Threads (Cohen, 2013) -- Circle of Security (Marvin, Cooper, Hoffman, &amp -- Powell, 2002) -- How can care be improved moving forward? -- Individual -- Relational -- Community -- Societal -- Conclusion -- References.

8. Questions of identity in German occupation children born after World War II: approaching a complex phenomenon with mixed-method analyses -- Introduction -- Identity - a complex phenomenon -- Methodological approach and participants -- Results from the quantitative questionnaire study -- Discrimination and social exclusion -- Biological belonging and search for the father -- Future directions -- References -- 9. Alimony payments for children born of war: A case study of British occupation children in Austria and Germany after World War II -- Introduction -- British occupation children in Austria and Germany -- The National Council and CBOW -- Affiliation proceedings against fathers of CBOW -- Affiliation proceedings against British soldiers in German courts -- Affiliation proceedings against British soldiers at Control Commission courts -- Actions taken by the mothers of Occupation Children -- Voluntary alimony payments -- Reluctant fathers -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 10. Transgenerational transmission of memories -- The definition and scope of a transgenerational perspective -- Placing family memory in the landscape of memory studies -- Multigenerational approach -- Historical overview -- Narrations of unjust treatment -- Generational frames of reference -- Frames of reference in the context of differing national, political, and societal backdrops -- Self-positioning and degrees of agreeability -- Generational gaps and disrupted transmission -- Language -- Benefits of a transgenerational perspective for research on CBOW -- Notes -- References -- 11. Children as 'collateral damage' of nationalisation campaigns? The persecution of 'nationally unreliable' persons in Czechoslovakia after the Second World War -- Introduction -- (Un)Wanted future of the nation -- Everyday life in the 'purgatory'.

Conclusion: making borderlands and children Czech -- Notes -- References -- 12. Representations of CBOW in the films of Soviet-Occupied Latvia and beyond -- Introduction -- Riga's Film Studio, censorship, and Soviet cinematography -- Coding and cultural memory: a theoretical framework for the interpretation of films -- Algirdas Greimas' actantial model and the four films -- Vālodzīte (Little Oriole) and the actantial model -- Bailes (Fear) and the actantial model -- Valsis mūža garumā (Lifelong Waltz) and the actantial model -- Dancis pa trim (Three to Dance) and the actantial model -- Conclusions: CBOW and the theme of silence -- Note -- References -- 13. Children born of the Indochina War: national 'reclassification,' diversity, and multiple feelings of belonging -- Introduction -- Policy of national 'reclassification' and repatriation -- 'Question métisse' in colonial Indochina -- 'Question métisse' during the Indochina War -- Repatriation -- Assimilation and acculturation policies in France -- Impact on biographies: multiple 'feelings of belonging' -- Theoretical outline -- Feeling of belonging to France -- Searching for belonging to a 'motherland' -- 'Eurasian' feeling of belonging -- Diversity of origins, cultural contexts, and family history -- Diversity on the mother's side -- Diversity on the father's side -- Impact on national 'reclassification' and repatriation -- Impact on biographies? -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 14. Wife, victim, murderer, mother: women imprisoned for killing an abusive husband in post-conflict Uganda -- Introduction -- Context -- Domestic violence and spousal killing -- Diana: 'They told me I should have left if the violence was too much' -- Analysis -- Abigail: 'I pushed him away...I never intended to kill him' -- Analysis -- Betty: 'I left, but had to return to care for my children' -- Analysis.

In Summary.