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Cover -- How the French Learned to Vote: A History of Electoral Practice in France -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Foreword and Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Figures, Maps, and Tables -- Figures -- Maps -- Tables -- List of Abbreviations -- Maps -- Introduction: Why France? -- France as Exemplar and Exception -- What Makes this Study Different? -- The Issues to be Explored -- Chapter 1: One Man, One Vote: The Long March towards Universal Male Suffrage -- The Revolutionary Origins of Universal Male Suffrage -- From Indirect Elections to Restricted Franchise, 1790-1848 -- The Unexpected Advent of Direct Universal Male Suffrage in 1848 -- The Entrenchment of Universal Male Suffrage under the Third Republic -- Conclusion -- Chapter 2: Women Had to Wait: A Stubbornly Resisted Female Franchise -- Framing an Issue and an Agenda, 1789-1848 -- Organizing and Campaigning, 1870-1914 -- Legislative Expectations -- Suffrage Stalemate, 1922-1939 -- The Female Electoral Apprenticeship after 1945 -- Conclusion -- Chapter 3: The Voters' Choice: The Question of Candidatures -- Voting in a Void? -- The Emergence of Public Candidatures -- Official Candidatures -- The Imposition of Declared Candidatures -- Still Spoiled for Choice -- Conclusion -- Chapter 4: A Matter of Persuasion: Campaigning and Corruption -- Hidden Agendas under the Ancien Régime and Revolution -- The Gradual Emergence of Open Electioneering -- The Professionalization of Electoral Contests -- The Cost of Campaigning -- Electoral Fraud -- Treating and Bribery -- Intimidation -- Combating Corruption -- Conclusion -- Chapter 5: Open Secrets: From Public to Private Polling -- The Birth of the Ballot Paper -- The Resurgence of Open Voting -- A Secret Vote Cast in Public -- Open Secrets -- The Technology of the Urne and the Isoloir -- Paperless Polling? Mechanical and Electronic Voting.

Conclusion -- Chapter 6: Getting Out the Vote: Electoral Mobilization -- Ancien Régime Imponderables -- Mass Voting under the Revolution and Napoleon, 1790-1815 -- Turnout in Electoral Colleges, 1790-1848 -- Establishing the Practice of Universal Male Suffrage, 1848-1880s -- Voting Becomes a Habit, 1880s-1980s -- Conclusion -- Chapter 7: Voting as a Subversive Activity: The Ballot Paper as Protest -- Spoiling: A Historic but Lately Growing Trend -- Blank Voting -- Annotated Papers -- Appropriation -- Subversion -- Annotation, a Deep-Rooted Practice -- Conclusion -- Chapter 8: Gone Fishing: Non-Voting and the Problem of Abstention -- Abstention in the Age of Revolution -- Non-Voting Becomes a Problem -- Obligation Becomes an Obsession under the Third Republic -- The Quest for Compulsory Voting since the Second World War -- Conclusion -- Conclusion: Unfinished Business -- Appendix 1: A Chronology of Significant Electoral Legislation and Changes of Regime, 1789-2014 -- Appendix 2: The Size of the Registered, 'Metropolitan' Electorate, 1790-2017 -- Appendix 3: The Location of Voting Assemblies and Polling Stations since 1789 -- Appendix 4: Subjects of Consultation in Constitutional Votes, Plebiscites, and Referendums, 1793-2005 -- Bibliography -- 1. Manuscript Sources -- (i) Archives nationales at Pierrefitte-sur-Seine -- (ii) Archives de la Préfecture de Police de Paris -- (iii) Archives départementales -- 2. Printed Sources -- (i) Bibliothèque nationale and British Library -- (ii) Official Material -- (iii) Press -- (iv) Memoirs -- 3. Reference -- Books, Pamphlets, and Articles -- 4. Secondary Sources -- (i) Theses -- (ii) Books, Essays, and Articles -- (iii) Digital Resources -- Index.

This is a comprehensive history of voting in France, which offers original insights into all aspects of electoral activity that today involve most adults across the world.

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